(DOWNLOAD) "United States v. Gonzalez" by Eleventh Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals " eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: United States v. Gonzalez
- Author : Eleventh Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals
- Release Date : January 01, 1985
- Genre: Law,Books,Professional & Technical,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 64 KB
Description
Douglass G. Whitney, M.D., W.D. Jordan, M.D., and Fred Shessel, M.D. ("appellants") appeal from the judgment of the district court upholding the constitutionality of certain provisions of § 2306 of the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984, 42 U.S.C.A. § 1395u(b)(4), (h)-(j) (West Supp.1985). See Whitney v. Heckler, 603 F. Supp. 821 (N.D. Ga.1985). Appellants make two primary arguments on appeal: (1) that the fifteen-month freeze on the fees that non-participating physicians may charge their Medicare patients violates substantive due process, and (2) that the civil penalties for non-participating physicians who raise their fees to Medicare beneficiaries during the fifteen-month freeze and the various incentives provided for doctors to become participating physicians constitute a bill of attainder prohibited by Art. I, § 9 of the United States Constitution. We affirm.